Endocrine Abstracts

PHP1B -iPPSD3 per the new proposed classification- is a rare disorder characterized in most patients by proximal tubular resistance to PTH resulting in hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and elevated PTH. Loss-of-methylation (LOM) at the Differentially Methylated Region (DMR) at GNAS exon A/B occurs in all PHP1B patients, but methylation changes at other DMRs within GNAS occur in some familial and most sporadic PHP1B cases. All patients with autosomal dominant PHP1B (AD-...

Missense loss-of-function mutations in TAC3 and TACR3, the genes encoding neurokinin B (NKB) and its receptor NK3R, respectively, were recently discovered in kindreds with non syndromic normosmic congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nCHH), thus identifying a fundamental role of this pathway in the human gonadotrope axis.We investigated the consequences on gonadotrope axis of TAC3 and TACR3 invalidations in adult patients ...

Glucocorticoid receptor (GR or NR3C1) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that plays an essential role in differentiation, development, inflammatory responses and energy balance and is implicated in several human diseases. Eleven germinal GR mutations have been described so far, responsible for glucocorticoid resistance with variable clinical presentation.We report original heterozygous GR mutations in three independent patients, which have been i...

Primary generalized glucocorticoid resistance is characterized by glucocorticoid excess without any Cushing syndrome. Patients exhibit variable clinical presentation including arterial hypertension, hirsutism or adrenal hyperplasia. Although glucocorticoid resistance has been associated with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mutations (encoded by NR3C1 gene), only 23 mutations have been reported so far. We have conducted a French National Research Program, referred to as M...

Context: Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is a rare X-linked recessive disordercaused by mutations in the androgen receptor (AR) gene resulting in variable target tissue resistance to androgen action. The underlying molecular defect causes a spectrum of androgen dysfunction ranging from gynecomastia and/or infertility in mild AIS (MAIS) to variable degrees of ambiguous or undermasculinized genitalia in partial AIS to complete testicular feminization in complete A...

Context: KISS1R mutations have been implicated in patients with normosmic congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nCHH) (OMIM #146110).Objective: To describe in detail nCHH patients with biallelic KISS1R mutations belonging to two unrelated families, and to functionally characterize a novel KISS1R mutation.Results: The p.Tyr313His original mutant was found in the homozygous state in three affected kindr...

Normosmic congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nCHH) is a rare reproductive disease leading to lack of puberty and infertility. Loss-of-function mutations of GNRH1 gene are a very rare cause of autosomal recessive nCHH. R31C GNRH1 is the only missense mutation that affects the conserved GnRH decapeptide sequence. This mutation was identified in a CpG islet in nine nCHH subjects from four unrelated families, giving evidence for a putative ‘hot spot&#...

Context: Primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH) with glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)-dependent Cushing’s syndrome is caused by ectopic expression of GIP receptor in the adrenal tissue. The bilateral nature of this adrenal disease suggests germline genetic predisposition. We aimed to identify the molecular driver event responsible for ectopic GIP receptor expression in PBMAH.Methods: We conducted an internationa...